American Intonation - 1

tips

• stress

  • focus on stress and 'feeling'
  • stress relates to rhythm and intonation
  • think about not just individual sounds but also think about the overall feeling of the sentence.

• study mouths movement

• repetition

pitch

• raised the pitch for the stress words, and dropped it at the end, and played with the level so every syllable was a little higher or a little lower than previous word .

• Intonation - emojis

  • understand the hidding meaning

  • GPS or mapping

  • "that was good" - rise, fall, and rise
  • "that was good" - rise, falling at the end <- negative

Stress - longer, louder, and higher

• verb, adj, and noun
• de-stress: relaxed and short -> function word

Intonation, Linking, Rhythm

• The shape of stress

• the schwa sound

  • vowel -> /ə/

• stress-timed language

  • to -> /tə/ or /də/
  • because of -> /kəz ə/
  • for -> /fər/
  • and -> /ən/
  • them -> /əm/
  • at -> /ət|/
  • can -> /kən/
  • are -> /ər/
  • was -> /wəz/
  • that -> /ðət|/
  • your -> /yər/
  • at the -> /ət| ðə/
  • her -> /ər/
  • it's okay -> /tsou 'kei/
  • as -> /əz/ as tall as

  • was -> /wəz/

  • You're welcome /jər' wel kəm/

  • WHAT DID Reduction

    • what did -> /'wʌt| did/ or /wʌd/
    • what did he -> /'wʌd i/
    • what did you -> /wʌdʒ ə/
  • helping verb
    • do -> /də/
    • does -> /dəz/
  • should, would, could
    • should -> /∫əd/ or /∫ə/
    • would -> /wəd/
    • could -> /kəd/ or /kə/
  • shoulda,coulda,woulda
    • should have -> /∫ud ə/
    • should not have -> /∫ud ən ə/
    • could have -> /kud ə/
    • would have -> /wu dəv/
  • can, cann't
    • can -> /kən/
    • cannot -> /kænt/
  • are
    • are -> /ər/
    • were -> /wər/

  • what

    • /wʌt|/

  • the

    • at the -> /ət | ðə/
    • is the -> tongue pushes on back of the teeth
    • with the -> /wiθ ð|ə/

  • ?

    • what do you think ? -> /wʌ də jə/

  • whaddya /wa:dəyə/

    • What do you ... ? ->

Connected speech

• Change vibration

  • [t] + [y] -> [t∫]
    • I got you? -> /ai GAt∫yə/

• h-deletion

  • "he" -> /iy/
  • "him" -> /im/
  • "his" -> /iz/
  • "her" -> /ər/
  • "has" -> /æz/
  • "have" -> /æv/ /əv/
    • Did he get it? -> /Di-diy Ge-dit/
    • Did he get the new car? -> /DId hiy/ -> /DI-diy/

write what you hear

improve listening

• study reducation
• study linking
  • he always /hi(y) 'ɔl weiz/
• study native speech
• write what you hear
• try Youglish -> YouGlish

reference