!English Listening and Pronunciation

2016-10-04

The Sounds of English

reference

shadow

  • pronunciation

    • Schwa /ə/ - unstressed words like 'a' and 'an'
    • Double contractions
      • I would have -> I'd've
      • could not have -> couldn't've
      • would you -> /wʊdʒuː/
      • told you -> /təʊldʒuː/

    • Vowel to vowel linking

      • /i:, ai, ei/ -> /j/
        • the /j/ end
        • the way /j/ I go
      • /əʊ u:/ -> /w/
        • Go /w/ over
        • show /w/ off

    • He doesn know /dʌznəʊ/

      • He doesn('t) know /dəznəʊ/

    • The 'dark L'

      • TODO
    • Assimilation of /n/ -> /m/ followed by /p/, /b/, /w/ or /m/ sound
    • TODO

  • Boxoffice Movie Scenes

tips

  • stress

    • focus on stress and 'feeling'
    • stress relates to rhythm and intonation
    • think about not just individual sounds but also think about the overall feeling of the sentence.

  • study mouths movement

  • repetition
pitch

  • raised the pitch for the stress words, and dropped it at the end, and played with the level so every syllable was a little higher or a little lower than previous word .

  • Intonation - emojis

    • understand the hidding meaning

    • GPS or mapping

    • "that was good" - rise, fall, and rise
    • "that was good" - rise, falling at then end <- negative
Stress - longer, louder, and higher
  • verb, adj, and noun
  • de-stress: relaxed and short -> function word
reference

American English Pronunciation

  • notes

    • clothing /ˈkloʊ.ðɪŋ/

    • vest /vest/

      • v - voiced, making a sound with the vocal cords
        • the lips under the top teeth
      • west - the lips
      • f - Voiceless, meaning only air passes through the mouth

    • g /dʒiː/

    • J /dʒeɪ/

  • reference

ELP: English Listening and Pronunciation

intonation

  • melody - music

  • stress

    • the content words

  • Rhythm

pronouncation

  • reduce your accent

    • repeat with a native person
    • use the spoken words the local use
    • adopt cultural traits

  • interact with natives

Intonation, Linking, Rhythm

pronunciation

  • Language has its

    • hear the music in your language
    • English is a beat-driven language

    • how how to beat the rhythms

    • imitate

  • correct the misakes

    • m -> some 放在单词结尾时， 嘴巴闭上后，喉咙要震动
    • n -> none 放在单词结尾时，舌头还保留再前鄂原位置
    • l -> milk
    • v -> victor 上牙輕咬下嘴唇
    • s -> 嘴型 稍微大
    • ɔ -> 喉咙 张开
    • a: -> 喉咙发音
    • e, æ -> 后面喉咙, æ 更靠后
    • ei, ai -> 不能漏掉 /i/
    • au -> 不能漏掉 /u/
    • t p d k ->

  • 副音

    • h

    • oʊ/əʊ

    • b, p

      • a stop of the airflow, and a release
      • Stop consonants at the ends of words or syllables are sometimes not released.
      • book

    • t, d

      • 舌尖抵住上齿龈，然后将舌头摊弹开； 词尾不发出声， 只舌尖抵住上齿龈再憋气即可 two
      • it -a- could -a- be <- notice

    • k, g

      • 双唇微开，舌后跟轻触口腔软腭，把气往前推
      • girl， clean, clock

    • [f] -> 上齒咬下唇，没有爆破 coffee

      • Voiceless, meaning only air passes through the mouth
    • [v] -> very
      • voiced, making a sound with the vocal cords
        • the lips under the top teeth
      • west - the lips

    • [θ, ð] -> 舌尖伸出来

    • l

      • 舌尖上扬抵住上齿龈
      • light l （such as like） 是在嘴的前面发音
      • Dark l
        • made at the back of the mouth; the back part of the tongue moves back
        • the tongue pulls back, and might even press down a bit in the back
        • Dark l（在后面 like apple, special） 舌尖接触上齿龈

    • /n/ 舌尖抵触齿龈， 鼻音

    • /s, z/ -> sea; θ, s, d,

    • /∫，ʒ/ -> 嘴唇稍前伸，呈圆形, 送气; sheets， shell， sheep

    • /tʃ, dr/ -> 不卷舌， 唇法

    • /ŋ/ -> thing

    • [r] -> the middle part of the tongue lifts up to towards the roof of the mouth . the front part of the tongue is hanging in the middle of the mouth, not touching anything. -> 舌尖上翘，口型成圆形 three r

  • 元音

    • American Vowels
    • {舌高低}x{舌前后}x{唇圆展}
    • i: -> e -> æ 舌头从高到低（嘴巴张开从小到大）
    • 舌头的最高位置从前到后

    • 唇從展开到圆型 （从左到右）

      • [i, i:]
        • i: 衣； eat, 展唇(stretch your lips back more, Also, the corners of the lips may pull wide, ee, ee - smile),舌头高，舌前
        • i - the jaw drops a little bit more
      • i, i:
      • i
      • /i:/ -> the tongue stretches up more towards the roof of the mouth. - open mouth widely

      • /i/ -> the tongue is bit more relaxed, the jaw does drop a little bit more - don't open mouth widely not stretched into a smile

      • æ： 嘴巴开口大（舌头低）， 舌头最高位位前，唇展开

      • sit sleep spell shade

      • /e/ -> lips = slightly open, mostly relaxed, tongue = bottom of mouth
        /æ/ -> open your mouth; lips = a little tighter, tongue = bottom of mouth

      • /ə/ tomatoes , letter, onion, question

      • /ər/ - 卷舌， waiter, doctor, reporter
      • movie
      • /a:/ /ʌ/ 嘴张比 æ 大， 稍微比 ʌ 圆唇 -> a, ʌ
      • /ɔ/， 圆唇

      • u:, u

        • [u:] - the lips are more rounded
        • [u] - the lips round less, jaw is more dropped

      • u:, u

        • make the lips a bit tight and forward

      • u:, u

        • The back of the tongue lifts towards the back of the roof of the mouth.The front of the tongue remains down, but it might be pulled slightly back .
        • foot,took, cook, shook, stood, good, look, book,wool, swoosh
        • wood
        • ʊ

  • 双元音

  • Pronunciation workshop

  • Consonant clusters

  • Consonant Clusters

English

refereence