An overview of Natural Language Processing and Linguistics

An overview of Natural Language Processing and Linguistics

Human language

A human language is a symbolic signaling system. Most words are just symbols for an extra-linguistic entity: the word is a signifier that maps to a signified (idea or thing).

The symbols of language can be encoded like voice, gesture, writing, etc via continuous signals to the brain. Thus exploring the continuous encoding signals can be psychology or cognitive problems (like "What is thought?", even the fundational challenge: Turing Test ).

The core questions in human language are that problems, architectures, cognitive science, and the details of human language, how it is learned, processed, and how it changes .

About Languages

Word vectors

Word embeddings

Language Modeling - a probabilistic model of word sequences

Parsing and tree structure

reference